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发表于 2007-10-4 07:48:37
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RE:国外经典《宽带微带天线》教材
1 An Introduction to Microstrip Antennas 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Characteristics of MSAs 3
1.2.1 Advantages 3
1.2.2 Disadvantages 3
1.2.3 Applications of MSAs 4
1.3 Feeding Techniques 4
1.4 Methods of Analysis 7
1.4.1 Transmission Line Model 8
1.4.2 Cavity Model 8
1.4.3 MNM 9
1.4.4 MoM 9
1.4.5 FEM 10
vii
viii Broadband Microstrip Antennas
1.4.6 SDT 10
1.4.7 FDTD Method 10
1.5 Review of Various Broadband Techniques for
MSAs 11
1.5.1 Definition of BW 11
1.5.2 Modified Shape Patches 14
1.5.3 Planar Multiresonator Configurations 14
1.5.4 Multilayer Configurations 15
1.5.5 Stacked Multiresonator MSAs 17
1.5.6 Impedance-Matching Networks for Broadband
MSAs 17
1.5.7 Log-Periodic MSA Configurations 17
1.5.8 Ferrite Substrate-Based Broadband MSAs 18
1.6 Broadband Compact MSAs 18
1.7 Tunable and Dual-Band MSAs 19
1.8 Broadband Circularly Polarized MSAs 20
1.9 Broadband Planar Monopole Antennas 20
1.10 Summary 21
References 21
2 Regularly Shaped Broadband MSAs 29
2.1 Introduction 29
2.2 RMSAs 30
2.2.1 Parametric Study of RMSAs 39
2.2.2 Higher Order Modes of RMSA 52
2.2.3 Orthogonal Feeds for Dual Polarization 55
2.2.4 Circularly Polarized RMSA 58
2.2.5 Broadband Suspended RMSA 58
2.2.6 Broadband Thick RMSA with Various Probes 61
2.2.7 Frequency and Impedance Scaling of RMSA 63
ix Contents
2.3 CMSAs 65
2.3.1 Resonance Frequency 66
2.3.2 Input Impedance and Voltage Distribution 67
2.3.3 Radiation Pattern 69
2.3.4 Effect of Loss Tangent 69
2.3.5 Broadband CMSAs 71
2.3.6 Analysis of Higher Order Modes 71
2.3.7 Circularly Polarized CMSAs 73
2.3.8 Dual-Orthogonal Feed CMSAs 73
2.4 Semicircular MSAs 74
2.4.1 Input Impedance and Voltage Distribution 75
2.4.2 Radiation Pattern 76
2.4.3 Broadband SCMSAs 77
2.4.4 Analysis of Higher Order Modes of the
SCMSAs 78
2.5 ETMSAs 79
2.6 30°-60°-90° Triangular MSAs 83
2.7 Annular Ring MSAs 84
2.8 Comparison of Various Configurations for
Broad BW 84
2.9 Summary 86
References 86
3 Planar Multiresonator Broadband MSAs 89
3.1 Introduction 89
3.2 Mechanism of Parasitic Coupling for Broad
BW 90
3.3 Gap-Coupled RMSAs 90
3.3.1 Radiating-Edge Gap-Coupled RMSAs 91
3.3.2 Nonradiating-Edge Gap-Coupled RMSAs 102
x Broadband Microstrip Antennas
3.3.3 Four-Edge Gap-Coupled RMSAs 106
3.3.4 Design Guidelines for Gap-Coupled RMSAs 107
3.3.5 Other Gap-Coupled Multiresonator RMSAs 110
3.4 Directly Coupled RMSAs 111
3.4.1 Radiating-Edge Directly Coupled RMSAs 111
3.4.2 Nonradiating-Edge Directly Coupled RMSAs 113
3.4.3 Four-Edge Directly Coupled RMSAs 114
3.4.4 Multiresonator Impedance-Matching Network 114
3.5 Gap- and Hybrid-Coupled CMSAs 115
3.5.1 Gap-Coupled CMSAs 115
3.5.2 Hybrid-Coupled CMSAs 118
3.6 Gap-Coupled SCMSAs 121
3.7 Gap- and Hybrid-Coupled TMSAs 122
3.7.1 Two Gap-Coupled 30°-60°-90° TMSAs 122
3.7.2 Three Gap-Coupled ETMSAs 123
3.7.3 Three Gap-Coupled ITMSAs 125
3.7.4 Four Hybrid-Coupled ETMSAs 127
3.8 Summary 128
References 129
4 Multilayer Broadband MSAs 131
4.1 Introduction 131
4.2 Electromagnetically Coupled MSAs 131
4.2.1 Microstrip Line Feed ECMSAs 132
4.2.2 Parametric Study of Coaxial-Fed Square
ECMSAs 138
4.2.3 Coaxial-Fed Stacked CMSAs 145
4.2.4 Coaxial-Fed Stacked ETMSAs 147
4.2.5 Design Example Using Stacked-Square MSA
on Air Substrate 148
xi Contents
4.3 ACMSAs 151
4.3.1 Parametric Study of ACMSAs 152
4.3.2 Effect of the Shape of the Coupling Aperture 157
4.3.3 Stacked ACMSAs 159
4.3.4 Resonant Slot ACMSAs 162
4.4 Summary 165
References 167
5 Stacked Multiresonator MSAs 171
5.1 Introduction 171
5.2 Stacked Multiresonator Rectangular Patches
on Thick Substrates 172
5.2.1 Three Rectangular Patches at the Bottom and
One Patch on the Top 177
5.2.2 One Rectangular Patch at the Bottom and
Three Patches on the Top 179
5.2.3 Three Rectangular Patches at the Bottom and
Three Patches on the Top 180
5.2.4 One Rectangular Patch at the Bottom and
Five Patches on the Top 181
5.2.5 One Rectangular Patch at the Bottom and
Two Patches on the Top 183
5.2.6 One Rectangular Patch at the Bottom and
Four Patches on the Top 187
5.3 Effect of Probe Diameter on Multiresonator
Stacked RMSAs 189
5.4 One Rectangular Patch at the Bottom and
Four Patches on the Top on a Thin Dielectric
Substrate 189
5.5 Stacked Multiresonator CMSAs 190
5.6 Log-Periodic MSA Arrays 197
5.7 Summary 202
References 203
xii Broadband Microstrip Antennas
6 Compact Broadband MSAs 205
6.1 Introduction 205
6.2 Compact Shorted RMSAs 206
6.2.1 Partially Shorted RMSAs 209
6.2.2 Effect of Dimensions of RMSAs with a Single
Shorting Post 211
6.2.3 Effect of the Position of the Single Shorting
Post 212
6.3 Compact Shorted CMSA and Its Variations 213
6.3.1 CMSAs and SCMSAs 214
6.3.2 Shorted SCMSAs and 90°-Sectoral MSAs 215
6.3.3 Partially Shorted SCMSAs and 90°-Sectoral
MSAs 216
6.3.4 Compact CMSA with a Single Shorting Post 216
6.4 Compact Shorted TMSAs and Sectoral MSAs 217
6.4.1 ETMSA and Its Variations 218
6.4.2 30°-60°-90° TMSA and Its Variations 220
6.4.3 Comparison of Variations of TMSAs 221
6.4.4 Compact ETMSA with a Single Short 221
6.5 Chip-Resistor-Loaded Square MSAs 222
6.6 Slot-Loaded MSAs 223
6.6.1 C-Shaped MSA 223
6.6.2 H-Shaped MSA 225
6.6.3 Rectangular Ring MSA 227
6.7 Slot- and Short-Loaded MSAs 228
6.7.1 Shorted C-Shaped MSA 229
6.7.2 Shorted H-Shaped MSA 229
6.8 Planar Broadband Compact MSAs 231
6.8.1 Coupled Shorted RMSA 231
xiii Contents
6.8.2 Broadband Gap-Coupled Shorted 90°-Sectoral
MSA 233
6.8.3 C-Shaped MSA Coupled with a Shorted
RMSA 234
6.8.4 C-Shaped MSA with a Matching Network 235
6.8.5 Circular Ring Containing a Shorted CMSA 237
6.8.6 Rectangular Ring Containing a Shorted
RMSA 238
6.8.7 Three Gap-Coupled Shorted C-Shaped MSA 238
6.9 Broadband Stacked Compact MSAs 239
6.10 Broadband MSAs with a U-Slot 241
6.10.1 RMSAs with a U-Slot 241
6.10.2 CMSA with a U-Slot 245
6.10.3 TMSA with a U-Slot 246
6.11 Summary 247
References 248
7 Tunable and Dual-Band MSAs 251
7.1 Introduction 251
7.2 Tunable MSAs 252
7.2.1 Stub-Loaded Tunable MSAs 252
7.2.2 Tunable MSAs Using Shorting Posts 261
7.2.3 Tunable MSAs Using Varactor Diodes 262
7.2.4 Optically Tuned MSA 263
7.2.5 Tunable MSAs Using an Air Gap 263
7.2.6 Tunable MSAs Using a Ferrite Substrate 265
7.3 Dual-Band MSAs 266
7.3.1 Higher Order or Orthogonal Mode Dual-
Band MSAs 267
7.3.2 Stub-Loaded Dual-Band MSAs 272
7.3.3 Notch-Loaded MSAs 281
xiv Broadband Microstrip Antennas
7.3.4 MSAs Using Shorting Posts 282
7.3.5 Dual-Band MSA Using Lumped Element
Loading 287
7.3.6 Dual-Band MSAs Using Slots 287
7.3.7 Multiresonator Planar MSAs for Dual-
Frequency Operation 295
7.3.8 Stacked MSAs for Dual-Frequency Operation 299
7.4 Summary 303
References 304
8 Broadband Circularly Polarized MSAs 309
8.1 Introduction 309
8.2 Linear, Circular, and Elliptical Polarizations 309
8.3 Dual-Feed Circularly Polarized MSAs 311
8.3.1 Square MSA with Two Feeds 312
8.3.2 Effect of Amplitude and Phase Imbalance 314
8.3.3 Square MSA with Four Feeds 315
8.3.4 CMSA with Multiple Feeds 316
8.3.5 Integrated MSA with Dual Feeds 316
8.4 Single-Feed Circularly Polarized MSAs 319
8.4.1 Diagonally Fed Nearly Square MSA 321
8.4.2 Square MSA with Modified Edges 323
8.4.3 Square MSA with Modified Corners 325
8.4.4 Square MSA with a Diagonal Slot 326
8.4.5 Short or Chip Resistor-Loaded Square MSA 327
8.4.6 Modified CMSAs and TMSAs 328
8.4.7 Sectoral- and Pentagon-Shaped MSAs 330
8.4.8 Design Procedure for Single-Feed Circularly
Polarized MSAs 331
8.5 Compact Circularly Polarized MSAs 333
8.5.1 Modified Square Ring MSA 333
8.5.2 Modified Square MSA with Slits at the Edges 335
xv Contents
8.5.3 Modified Square MSA with Four Bent Slots 336
8.5.4 Modified CMSAs and TMSAs 337
8.6 Broadband Circularly Polarized MSAs 339
8.6.1 Dual-Feed Planar Multiresonator MSAs 339
8.6.2 Stacked MSAs for CP 341
8.6.3 Aperture Coupled Circularly Polarized MSAs 342
8.6.4 Sequentially Rotated MSAs 344
8.7 Traveling-Wave Circularly Polarized MSAs 349
8.7.1 Curved MSAs 349
8.7.2 Microstrip Line Arrays 349
8.7.3 Cross Antenna 351
8.8 Summary 352
References 353
9 Broadband Planar Monopole Antennas 357
9.1 Introduction 357
9.2 Planar Rectangular and Square Monopole
Antennas 359
9.2.1 RMSA Suspended in Air with Orthogonal
Ground Plane 359
9.2.2 Calculation of the Lower Frequency of the
Planar Monopole Antennas 362
9.2.3 Effect of Various Parameters of Planar
Rectangular Monopole Antennas 363
9.2.4 Radiation Pattern of RM Antennas 365
9.2.5 Various Planar RMs with Equal Areas 366
9.3 Planar Triangular and Hexagonal Monopole
Antennas 368
9.3.1 Planar Equilateral Triangular Monopole 368
9.3.2 Planar Hexagonal Monopole 369
9.4 Planar Circular Monopole Antennas 370
xvi Broadband Microstrip Antennas
9.5 Planar Elliptical Monopole Antennas 371
9.5.1 Effect of Ellipticity Ratio 373
9.5.2 Radiation Pattern of Circular and Elliptical
Monopole Antennas 373
9.6 Design Examples of Monopole Antennas 374
9.6.1 Monopole Antenna for 225–400 MHz 375
9.6.2 Monopole Antenna for 800–2,000 MHz 376
9.7 Summary 377
References 378 |
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